Retraction & Withdrawal Policy

JPAPS (Journal of Public Affairs and Political Studies) is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record. The journal follows the guidelines set by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) for retraction and withdrawal of published articles.

1	Retraction: Articles may be retracted if there is clear evidence of academic misconduct, such as plagiarism, data fabrication or falsification, duplicate publication, or significant errors that invalidate the findings. Retraction notices will be published on the journal website, clearly stating the reasons for retraction, and the original article will be marked as retracted but remain accessible for transparency.
2	Withdrawal: Authors may request withdrawal of their manuscript before publication. Withdrawal is not permitted after acceptance unless there are exceptional circumstances (e.g., ethical violations or honest errors). All withdrawal requests must be submitted in writing to the editorial office with a valid reason.
3	Corrections: If minor errors are discovered that do not affect the overall results or conclusions, a correction (erratum or corrigendum) may be issued instead of retraction.
4	Process: The decision to retract, withdraw, or issue a correction will be made by the editorial board following a thorough investigation and, where appropriate, in consultation with the authors and reviewers.